Sora 2

OpenAI's state-of-the-art video and audio generation model with accurate physics simulation, synchronized audio, and enhanced controllability for creating realistic videos from text.

SoraOpenAIVideo GenerationAudio GenerationMultimodalText-to-VideoAI VideoPhysics Simulation
Developer
OpenAI
Type
Text-to-Video and Audio Generation Model
License
Proprietary

Overview

Sora 2 is OpenAI's state-of-the-art video and audio generation model, released on September 30, 2025. Building on the foundation of the original Sora model, this new system represents a significant advancement in AI's ability to simulate the physical world through video.

Sora 2 introduces capabilities that have been historically challenging for video generation models: accurate physics simulation, synchronized audio generation, enhanced controllability across complex multi-scene narratives, and sharper visual realism. The model can create videos ranging from realistic and cinematic to anime-style content, all while maintaining physical consistency and world state. This positions Sora 2 alongside other advanced multimodal AI systems like GPT-5 and Gemini 2.5.

The model is available through sora.com and a new standalone iOS app, with API access planned for future releases. OpenAI is taking an iterative deployment approach, rolling out initial access through limited invitations while continuously refining safety measures based on real-world usage.

Capabilities

Sora 2 offers several groundbreaking capabilities for video and audio generation:

Physics-Accurate Video Generation

  • Realistic physics simulation: Objects follow natural laws of motion, gravity, and collision
  • Complex physical interactions: Accurately models gymnastics, sports activities, and natural phenomena
  • Consistent world state: Maintains physical consistency across multiple scenes and frames
  • Elimination of common errors: Reduces issues like object teleportation or physics violations common in earlier models

Synchronized Audio Generation

  • Native audio-visual integration: Creates audio that matches visual content
  • Dialogue generation: Synthesizes speech synchronized with character mouth movements
  • Sound effects: Generates appropriate ambient sounds and action-related audio
  • Complex soundscapes: Builds layered audio environments with multiple sound sources
  • High-fidelity audio: Produces audio quality matching the visual realism

Enhanced Controllability

  • Complex instruction following: Accurately interprets detailed multi-scene prompts
  • World state maintenance: Preserves consistency in characters, objects, and environments across scenes
  • Style flexibility: Excels at realistic, cinematic, and anime visual styles
  • High prompt fidelity: Closely follows user specifications and creative direction

Multi-Style Generation

  • Photorealistic videos: High-quality realistic video content
  • Cinematic style: Professional film-quality visuals with proper lighting and composition
  • Anime and stylized: Non-realistic artistic styles with consistent aesthetics
  • Cross-style consistency: Maintains quality across different visual approaches, similar to how Stable Diffusion 3 handles diverse image styles

Technical Specifications

While OpenAI has not disclosed full technical details, Sora 2's key specifications include:

  • Model Type: Multimodal video and audio generation model
  • Input: Text prompts describing desired video content
  • Output: Video with synchronized audio
  • Available Formats: Web platform (sora.com) and iOS app
  • Future Access: API integration planned
  • Training Approach: Trained on diverse datasets with rigorous safety filtering
  • Safety Stack: Multi-layer moderation including input blocking, output blocking, and specialized reasoning monitors

Architecture Improvements

Sora 2 builds on the original Sora architecture with enhancements for:

  • More accurate physics modeling
  • Integrated audio-visual generation
  • Improved multi-scene coherence
  • Enhanced style transfer and adaptation

Training Data

Sora 2 was trained on diverse datasets following OpenAI's rigorous data processing and safety standards:

Data Sources

  • Publicly available content: Information from the internet that meets quality and safety standards
  • Partnership data: Content accessed through third-party partnerships
  • User-generated content: Information provided by users and human trainers
  • Researcher-generated data: Content created by OpenAI researchers and trainers

Data Filtering and Safety

The training pipeline includes comprehensive filtering measures:

  • Quality filtering: Rigorous filtering to maintain high data quality standards
  • Safety classifiers: Multiple safety models to prevent inclusion of harmful content
  • CSAM prevention: Dedicated filters to exclude Child Sexual Abuse Material
  • Explicit content filtering: Systems to prevent sexual content involving minors and other prohibited material
  • Risk mitigation: Proactive filtering to reduce potential safety risks in generated content

OpenAI partnered with the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children (NCMEC) to ensure robust protection against CSAM in both training data and generated outputs.

Use Cases

Sora 2 enables a wide range of creative and professional applications:

Content Creation and Storytelling

  • Film and video production: Creating scenes with accurate physics and cinematography
  • Animation: Generating anime and stylized content with consistent aesthetics
  • Music videos: Producing videos with synchronized audio and visual effects
  • Short-form content: Creating social media videos and promotional materials

Marketing and Advertising

  • Product demonstrations: Showcasing products in realistic scenarios
  • Brand storytelling: Creating narrative content for marketing campaigns
  • Concept visualization: Rapid prototyping of advertising concepts
  • Educational content: Producing instructional videos with accurate demonstrations

Education and Training

  • Educational videos: Creating instructional content with accurate physics demonstrations
  • Scientific visualization: Illustrating complex physical phenomena
  • Training materials: Developing scenario-based training content
  • Conceptual explanation: Visualizing abstract concepts through video

Creative Expression

  • Artistic projects: Experimental video art and creative exploration
  • Prototype visualization: Visualizing ideas before full production
  • Concept art: Generating reference material for larger projects
  • Personal projects: Creating content for personal creative expression

Limitations

Despite its advanced capabilities, Sora 2 has several important limitations:

Launch Restrictions

  • No video-to-video generation: Cannot transform existing videos at launch
  • Image upload restrictions: No uploads of photorealistic people
  • Video upload restrictions: No video uploads at launch
  • Public figure blocking: Cannot generate videos of public figures
  • Limited initial access: Available only through invitations during early rollout

Content Restrictions

  • Likeness consent required: Real person generation only through consent-based cameo feature
  • Enhanced minor protection: Stringent safeguards for content involving anyone under 18
  • Usage policy enforcement: Prohibited content includes unauthorized likeness, harassment, violence, and exploitation

Technical Limitations

  • Occasional physics inconsistencies: Edge cases may still produce unrealistic physics
  • Context-dependent safety: Some harmful content requires contextual judgment beyond automated systems
  • Adversarial vulnerability: Potential for circumventing mitigations through carefully crafted prompts

Pricing & Access

Current Access

  • Limited Invitations: Initial access via invitation system
  • Web Platform: Available at sora.com
  • iOS App: Standalone mobile application
  • Pricing: Details available on OpenAI's pricing page
  • API Access: Planned for future release

Future Availability

OpenAI plans to expand access gradually as safety measures are validated and refined through real-world usage patterns.

Safety Features

Sora 2 implements comprehensive safety measures to prevent misuse, addressing key challenges in generative AI deployment:

Multi-Modal Moderation

  • Input blocking: Pre-generation analysis of prompts and images
  • Output blocking: Post-generation analysis of video frames, audio transcripts, and scene descriptions
  • CSAM classifiers: Dedicated systems for detecting and preventing child exploitation content
  • Reasoning monitor: Custom-trained multimodal reasoning model for policy evaluation

Provenance and Transparency

  • C2PA metadata: Industry-standard verifiable origin on all generated assets
  • Visible watermarks: Moving watermarks on downloaded videos
  • Detection tools: Internal systems to identify OpenAI-generated content

Minor Protection

  • Stricter thresholds: Enhanced moderation for users under 18
  • Content restrictions: Limited generation categories for younger users
  • Privacy safeguards: Limits on likeness use and protection from unwanted contact
  • Parental controls: Tools for parents to manage children's platform use

Safety Performance

Based on adversarial testing with thousands of prompts:

  • Adult content blocking: 96-98% effectiveness
  • Self-harm content blocking: 99.7% effectiveness
  • Violence blocking: 95.1% effectiveness
  • Extremism blocking: 96.8% effectiveness
  • Low false positive rates: 94-99% benign content allowed

Community & Resources

Official Resources

Platform Access

Development and Support

Frequently Asked Questions

Sora 2 is OpenAI's advanced video and audio generation model that creates realistic videos from text descriptions with accurate physics, synchronized audio, and multiple visual styles.
Sora 2 features significantly improved physics accuracy, native synchronized audio generation, enhanced controllability across multiple scenes, sharper realism, and expanded stylistic range.
Yes, Sora 2 can generate synchronized audio including dialogue, sound effects, and complex soundscapes that match the visual content.
At launch, Sora 2 does not support video-to-video generation or uploads of photorealistic people. It also blocks generation of public figures and requires explicit consent for likeness use through the cameo feature.
Sora 2 is available via sora.com and a standalone iOS app through limited invitations. API access is planned for the future.
Sora 2 includes multi-modal moderation, C2PA metadata watermarking, input/output blocking systems, enhanced protections for minors, and restrictions on generating videos of real people without consent.

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