Look up any term in AI.

Hyperparameter

A setting you choose before training that gradient descent never updates — learning rate, batch size, layer count — and why a bad one caps the model.

Information Retrieval (IR)

Information retrieval ranks documents against a query. How inverted indexes, TF-IDF and BM25 score, and how precision, recall, MAP and nDCG measure it.

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO)

GRPO is PPO without the critic: it scores a group of sampled answers against each other. How it works, what it saves, and where it biases training.

Recommendation Systems

A recommendation system predicts what a user will want — a film, product, or song — from patterns in past behavior, and surfaces it automatically.

Foundation Models

Not a marketing word for a big AI model: a foundation model is trained once on broad data and reused as the base for many downstream tasks.

Small Language Model (SLM)

A language model small enough to run on the device that uses it — roughly under 5B parameters. Trained far past compute-optimal to buy cheap inference.